See pened on Wiktionary
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "pened",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "pene"
}
],
"glosses": [
"past of pene"
],
"id": "en-pened-en-verb-qG1o8dmH",
"links": [
[
"pene",
"pene#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"past"
]
}
],
"word": "pened"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"pen",
"pen#Volapük"
],
[
"-ed",
"-ed#Volapük"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vo",
"2": "pen",
"3": "ed"
},
"expansion": "pen + -ed",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "pen + -ed",
"forms": [
{
"form": "peneda",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "peneds",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "lg",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "pened",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "peneds",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "peneda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penedas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penede",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penedes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penedi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penedis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penedu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penedus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "o pened",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "o peneds",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vo",
"2": "noun",
"3": "genitive",
"4": "peneda",
"5": "plural",
"6": "peneds",
"cat2": "",
"f1accel-form": "gen|s",
"f2accel-form": "nom|p",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "pened (genitive peneda, plural peneds)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "pened (genitive peneda, plural peneds)",
"name": "vo-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Volapük",
"lang_code": "vo",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Volapük entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Volapük terms suffixed with -ed",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "mäk",
"sense": "Terms derived from pened \"letter\"",
"word": "penedamäk"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
18,
24
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
29,
35
]
],
"english": "He said that he would send a letter.",
"ref": "1932, Arie de Jong, Leerboek der Wereldtaal, page 21:",
"text": "Äsagom das öpotom penedi.",
"translation": "He said that he would send a letter.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"letter (written message)"
],
"id": "en-pened-vo-noun-JbLk0dW0",
"links": [
[
"letter",
"letter"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "-ed"
},
{
"word": "pen"
},
{
"word": "penam"
},
{
"word": "penan"
},
{
"word": "penäd"
},
{
"word": "penädem"
},
{
"word": "penät"
},
{
"word": "penätav"
},
{
"word": "penätavan"
},
{
"word": "penätidobükam"
},
{
"word": "penön"
},
{
"word": "ton"
},
{
"word": "tonat"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[peˈned]"
}
],
"word": "pened"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "pened",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English non-lemma forms",
"English verb forms",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "pene"
}
],
"glosses": [
"past of pene"
],
"links": [
[
"pene",
"pene#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"past"
]
}
],
"word": "pened"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"roman": "mäk",
"sense": "Terms derived from pened \"letter\"",
"word": "penedamäk"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"pen",
"pen#Volapük"
],
[
"-ed",
"-ed#Volapük"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vo",
"2": "pen",
"3": "ed"
},
"expansion": "pen + -ed",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "pen + -ed",
"forms": [
{
"form": "peneda",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "peneds",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "lg",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "pened",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "peneds",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "peneda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penedas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penede",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penedes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penedi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penedis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penedu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penedus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "o pened",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "o peneds",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vo",
"2": "noun",
"3": "genitive",
"4": "peneda",
"5": "plural",
"6": "peneds",
"cat2": "",
"f1accel-form": "gen|s",
"f2accel-form": "nom|p",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "pened (genitive peneda, plural peneds)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "pened (genitive peneda, plural peneds)",
"name": "vo-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Volapük",
"lang_code": "vo",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "-ed"
},
{
"word": "pen"
},
{
"word": "penam"
},
{
"word": "penan"
},
{
"word": "penäd"
},
{
"word": "penädem"
},
{
"word": "penät"
},
{
"word": "penätav"
},
{
"word": "penätavan"
},
{
"word": "penätidobükam"
},
{
"word": "penön"
},
{
"word": "ton"
},
{
"word": "tonat"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Volapük entries with incorrect language header",
"Volapük lemmas",
"Volapük nouns",
"Volapük terms suffixed with -ed",
"Volapük terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
18,
24
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
29,
35
]
],
"english": "He said that he would send a letter.",
"ref": "1932, Arie de Jong, Leerboek der Wereldtaal, page 21:",
"text": "Äsagom das öpotom penedi.",
"translation": "He said that he would send a letter.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"letter (written message)"
],
"links": [
[
"letter",
"letter"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[peˈned]"
}
],
"word": "pened"
}
Download raw JSONL data for pened meaning in All languages combined (3.3kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Predicative'",
"path": [
"pened"
],
"section": "Volapük",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "pened",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.